Oil burner



March 23 1926.

C. M. STROUD OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 4, 4 I

I from the followin Patented Mar. 23, 1926.

pair-no stares CHARLES M. STROUD, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

on. BURNER.

Application filed September 4, 1924. SeriaI No. 735,867.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that 1, CHARLES M. STROUD,

a citizen of the United States, resident of.

Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new anduseful improvements in oil burners, and more particularly to such oil burners adapted for use in connection with steam or hot water boilers or hot air furnaces such as are employed for heating houses and other buildings. The construction of this novel burner is such that it will readily lend itself for use in conjunction withthe usual coal-burning furnace, the necessary changes to convert such a furnace to a liquid fuel burning furnace being practically minimized.

The particular object of this invention,

therefore, is to provide an improved oil burner of. simple and inexpensiv construc-.

'tion, which may readily and quickly be installed in any ordinary coal-burning furnace for the purpose of converting such a furnace to a liquid fuel burning furnace. I

A further and more specific object of the invention'is to provide an oil burner having a cone-shaped member which has its outer upper surface spirally rifiled so as to cause the liquid fuel, discharged from the apex of said member, to follow a tortuous path as it downwardly flows thereover, thereby to more thoroughly break it up before combustion.

Other objects of the invention will appear detailed description and the accompanying drawings and will be pointed out in the annexed claims.

In the drawings there has been disclosed a structure designed to carry out the various objects of the invention, but it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the exact features shown as various changes ma be made 'in the scope vof the claims which follow.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the novel oil burner;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the base of the burner showing the central opening therein thigpugh which air is supplied to the burner; an I Figure 3 is a plan view of the cone-shaped member of the burner showing the spiral ridge thereon for retarding the flow of fuel as it downwardly fiowsthereover.

In the selected embodiment of the invention here shown there is illustrated an oil burner comprising a saucer-like burner base 'or receptacle thaving a central opening 5 therein formed by. the upwardly turned flange 6. A hub 7 is preferably concentrically arranged within the central opening 5 and is supported by means of radial arms 8 as shown in Figure 2. The hub 7 is provided with an aperture 9 through which a fuel feed pipe 11 is inserted, as shown in Figure l. The other end of this pipe is connected to a suitable source of supply not shown.

'A cone-shaped member 12, having a central hub 13, is seated on the hub 7 of the -ba's'e and is preferably secured thereto by. means of the upright portion 10 of the fuel pipe 11, which, as shown in Figure 1, extends up into the hub 13 and has its end secured thereto by suitable means, not shown. .An oil duct or conduit 14 upwardly "leads from the fuel pipe 11 and terminates at the apex of the cone-shaped member 12.

One of the features of this invention resides in the novel means provided for re.

tarding the flow of'liquid fuel as it downwardly flows over the surface of the mem. ber 12. Such means preferably consists in the provision of a ridge 15 arranged to encircle the major portion ofv the member 12 and having its convolutions arranged in the form of a spiral as shown in Figure 3. An annular ridge 16 preferably concentric with the axis of the member 12 is rovided adjacent the lower ortion of t e coneshaped member, and t is ridge functions to provide a wall to prevent the flow of liquid fuel from passing through the elongated openings 17 and into the annular combustion chamber 18 arranged to encircle the lower portion of the cone-shaped member 12. An annular roove or vaporizin chember 19 is provi ed above the com ustion chamber 18 and is preferably formed by means of a ring 20 having an integral upturned flange 21 thereon, as shown in Figure 1. The ring 20 and upturned flange 21, forming the va orizing chamber, are preferably integral y formed with the coneshaped member 12 by means of alurality of short arms 22, as shown in igure 3. The lower ridge or wall 16 is provided with uid fuel is discharged from the. duct 1 1 as indicated by the arrows in Figures 1 and 3, it will flow downwardly over the surface of the member 12 in a-tortuous path, thereby retarding its flow to the extent that it will be thoroughly vaporized-by the time it reaches the heated va orizing chamber 19.. If desired, a small s 0t or passage 25 may be cut through the lower portion of the ridge 15 at a point diametrically opposite from the lower terminal of the ridge 15, thereby permitting a portion of the fuel to be discharged therethrough with the result that the fuel oil will be more uniformly distributed.

Another feature of this invention resides in-the means provided for causing the supply of air to the burner to follow a tertuous path, thereby causing the air to become thoroughly mixed with the vaporized fuel which will result in the formation of a highly combustible mixture which may readily be ignited, and will therefore result in eificient combustion The means provided to effect such thorough mixing of the air and fuel resides in the provision of an annular depending flange 26 preferably in-- tegrally formed with the lower portion of the cone-shaped member 12 as particularly shown in Figure 1. This flange functions as a baflle plate to produce eddy currents by downwardl defiectin the air against the bottom of t e saucer-llke basa As the air thus downwardly and outwardly passes beneath the elongated openings. 17 and the combustion chamber 18, a vacuum will tend to buildup in the Va orizing chamber 19, which will result in t e vaporized fuel oil being downwardly drawn through the openings 17 and into the annular combustion chamber 18 where it will be ignited and the flames outwardly jetted against the side walls of the furnace as indicated by the I arrows. As the air passesbeneath the lower edge of the flange 26 and through the chamher 18, a whirling action or eddy current will be imparted thereto whichwill result in a thorough'mixing of the air and fuel oil as the vaporized fuel is downwardl drawn through the elongated openings 1; and into the chamber 18. v

A cover 27 is preferably seated on the upturned flange 21 as shown in Figure 1 and this cover functions to completely enclose the cone-shaped member 12 as shown. By

the employment of this cover a preheating .thoroughly heated and vaporized. Also as a result of the vaporizing chamber 19 being located at outer portion of the coneshaped member 12 and directly above the combustion chamber 18, the vaporizing chamber will be thoroughly heated so that as the fuel oil is discharged thereinto by means of the passages 23 and grooves 24 it will become thoroughly vaporized before being drawn into the combustion chamber 18 through the elongated openings 17 for subsequent combustion.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, the combination with a base having a central air opening, of a cone-shaped member seated thereon, an annular vaporizing chamber encircling said member, an annular combustion chamber beneath the vaporizing chamber, and means dependlng from said cone-shaped member adaptedto downwardly deflect the flow of air agalnst the base, thereby causing a whirling action to be imparted to the flow of air as it passes through the combustion chamber.

2. In an oil burner, the combination of a base having a central air opening, a coneshaped member seated thereon, spiral means on sand member adapted to retard the flow of fuel oil as it downwardly flows thereover, a depending flange secured to the coneshaped member adapted to downwardly deflect the air entering the burner through the oentralopening of the base and cause it to follow a tortuous path, an annular combustion chamber, and means enclosing said member to form a heating chamber wherein the fuel oil is vaporized before being drawn 1nto the combustion chamber for subsequent combustion.

3. In an oil burner, the combination of a base having a central air opening, a spirally ridged cone-shaped member seated thereon,

a depending annular flange secured to the 4;. A liquid fuel burner comprisin in I combination, a base having a centre. air opening, a cone-shaped member supported thereby, spiral means on said. member to retard the flow of fuelvoil thereover, an an nular combustion chamber, a ring having an upturned flange thereon secured to the coneshaped member in spaced relation thereto,

means for enclosingsaid member to provide a preheating and vaporizing chamber, a

depending annular flange secured to the cone-shaped member ada ted to downwardly deflect the air entering through the central opening of the base and causedt to follow a tortuous path as it passes through the combustion chamber, thereby effecting a thorough and complete mixing of the air and vaporized fuel for subsequent combustion.

5. In a combinedgas generator and burner, the combination with a burner base having acentral air intake .opening sur-l rounded by a flange, said flange disposed within tlie base member, a hollow conical gas generator mounted above said base member and spaced therefrom to provide a second, having their concavities opposingly relatively constricted passageway between the base of the gas generator member and the burner base, said passageway in communication with the air intake opening and leading outwardly to the periphery of the burner base, said conical member having a closed-vaporization chamber at its convex side, and having a circumferential channel on its concave side facing toward the basemember and forming an expansion and mixing chamber intermediately of the con stricted passageway, and means fordeliven ing oil to the vaporization chamber, and

from said chamber to said mixing chamber.

6. A device of the class described comprising aIsaucer-like receptacle, a hollow conical member concentric to and having its base spaced from the bottom of said receptacle to provide a relatively constricted passageway, said conical member having an eddy-producing flange, forming with the cone member an eddy-chamber intermediately of and opening toward said constricted pasageway, a cover formin a closed chamber with the convex side of said conical member, said conical member having openings connecting said chamber with said eddy-chamber, and .said receptacle having an air intake openipg communicating Wlt the interior of the; conical member above said constricted passage, and means for delivering oil to the closed chamber. p

7, An oil burner comprising a pan" of hollow cone-shaped members, first and related and with said members extending oiie within the other and s aced to provide a constricted passage there etween, the first having an air intake opening extending into the concavity of the second and'the second having a circumferential channel therein facing the constricted passage and further havin passages leading into the channel, saidc iannehproviding an intermediate expansion and mixing chamber for air and gas, respectively received through the air intake op'ening'and through the passages .leading mto the channel, and an oil dewithin the openingby radial arms to concave side opposed to the correspon ing side of the base member, and having a cover at its convex sideforming with that side a closed vaporization chamber, said conical member having its base spaced from the bottom of the base member, and further having a battle flange depending from its concave side, with the lower edge of the flange disposed belowthe top of the air intake opening flange and spaced from that flange in a radial direction greater than the distance between the base of the conical member and bottom of the base member, said do nding flange forming and defining with t e wall of the conical member an annular mixing chamber, said conical member having openings establishing communication between the vaporization chamber and the mixing chamber, and a conduit for delivering oil Wlthln the vaporization chamber.-

9. A device of the class described comliver channel, said conical member having openings leading from its upper surface to said mixingchannel, and having a peripheral upstanding flange at its base on-the con-' vexk si'de, and a second flange on said convex side adjacent the inner side of *said openings, a conical cover.overlyingand-spaced from the hollow conical member, for forming a closed vaporizing chamber thereabove and said member havingla single continuous upstanding spiral flange leading from the apex to a point adjacent the second flange, and an oil. supply of the conical mem er. I

10. A device of the class described, com prising a saucer-like burner base providing an outer inclined wall and having a relatively large-central opening and an integral upstanding flange surroundin said open ing, and a central hub integra ly connected rovide a relatively large intake assage, a 01- low conical' vaporizing mem er overlyin the burner basewith its lower end spaced upwardly from the bottom of the burner base but disposed below the level ofthe top of the flange and with the base peripher. adjacent the lower end of the inclined wal ipe leading to the apex prising a saucer-like basehaving a central 7 of the burner base to form a relatively large conical member within the hollow portion,

thereof, spaced from the intake opening flange a greater distance than the spacing of the bottom of the conical member from the base, and forming adjacent the periph ery of and with the conical member a downwardly faced channelor eddy chamber for obtaining a whirling, mixing action of the vapors introduced'respectively through the air intake opening and cone vapor intake, a cover overlying the conical member to form a closed vaporizing chamber thereabove,.

and an oil intake conduit leading to the vaporizing chamber.

11. A device of the class described comprising a base member having a central air intake opening and flange surrounding said opening, a hollow conical gas generator member havin a cover connected therewith forming with t he member a closed vaporization chamber, said conical member overlying and spaced from the base member, to form a relatively narrow passage between the members, said conical member having a vapor-receiving and mixing chamber therein facing the narrow channel and forming an intermediate expansion chamber above and communicating with sai narrow passage, said conical member having gas inlet openings communicating with the mixing channel and vaporization chamber, and a conduit for delivering oil to the vaporization chamber whereby in operation of the device air passing through the narrow channel is whirled into the mixing or expansion chamber on the way to the periphery of the base member.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of August 1924.

v CHARLES M. STROUD. 

